The history of wigs in various countries

The wig has become the darling of today's fashion, from the T-stage to the street, its shadow can be seen everywhere. However, this trend is not new, it has a long history before it is integrated into modern life. Do not believe? Let’s take a look today.···

China

Chinese people have long had the habit of wearing wigs. At first, they were the ornaments of women in the upper class, added to the original hair , making them thicker and able to make more complicated hair. The wigs prevailed during the Spring and Autumn Period, and the Han Dynasty established hair and hair accessories based on Zhou Li. During the Three Kingdoms period, women also used fake shackles; after the Northern Qi Dynasty, the form of false shackles developed in the direction of singularization, until the Han women began to use a false swearing in the Yuan Dynasty. The style of cockroaches that appeared in the Qing Dynasty was still a lot. However, after the founding of the Republic of China, the hair style became simpler and easier, with fewer wigs and false wigs. However, when Zhang Xun was restored in 1917, the people in the city of Beijing cut off the scorpions and found the false shackles. After that, they rarely saw the Han people use wigs in their daily lives until the establishment of the People's Republic of China. The ethnic minorities have some habits of wearing wigs. At that time, the Yongning Naxi women used the hairs on the tail of the yak to make a large fake scorpion, which was placed on the top of the head, and then wrapped around a large circle of blue and black. Color silk thread, hanging down to the waist.

Japan

Japanese geisha

If the hair is thinner, if you want to comb the hair of the women of the Heian period in the picture, it is necessary to add a wig to the Japanese traditional hairstyle and often add a wig comb, and the Japanese name is a wig. Wigs have a long history in Japan. It is said that in the original songs and dances of Japan, people used grass and flower stems and vines to decorate their heads. "The Old Story" and "Japanese Book Ji" have mentioned that the 盏呜 盏呜 求 求 求 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天 天The content of the book contains many mythological and legendary elements, which may not be consistent with historical facts. However, according to the age of the two books, the Japanese primaries generally use wigs no later than the Nara era. In the early days of the Japanese, wigs were rarely worn outside the acting. Later, in general, some people wore wigs, mostly women. The wigs they wear are often woven with the hair cut from their heads. They also wear this kind of wig from their own wedding. After that, Japanese ancient women often use wigs and fakes. The traditional wig is added to the original hair. This type of wig that is added to the original hair is called “髢.” The woman’s law of the wig made by Ge Chuan Guofang stipulates that women under the six-seat position should wear “yiyi”. Women in the Heian period The swells will also be filled with wigs. Later, they will be used in both sputum and cocoon. When the sputum is used, the root part of the sputum is used as the "root sputum" and the sputum is used to make a good effect. "When the court woman's large hair will also add a wig as a part of the sag, it will be called "long 髢", and the front amp will also use the "pill 髢" that hangs forward. After the show, it is often combed. The reduction of Japanese traditional hairstyles reduces the use of wigs, which are usually only used when combing traditional hairstyles, such as the witches of shrines. In addition, some women who want thicker hair will also use wigs.

Korea

The Korean women wearing the crowned Korean Korean peninsula began to wear fake plaques in the Korean dynasty. The loyalty king ordered the Korean national to wear Mongolian clothes and Mongolian hairpins (editing). Later, the Korean ancestor Li Chenggui established the Korean dynasty (Li's North Korea), adopting the policy of “male descending women and not falling down”, males reverted to the Han system, and women “mongered in parallel with Mongolia and Han”, and later developed into a “coronation” style. By the time of the ancestors, there were women who had broken the neck and died because of the overcrowding. The palace only revoked the rules that married women and women must wear coronation, and banned it. Since then, it has only been crowned in wedding dresses and court dresses. Coronation), wear in the clothing. The Queen of Mingcheng wears a portrait of the coronation in the early to mid-term of Li’s North Korea, and married women, twins, and senior female officials (Shanggong) will wear the coronation. The crowning of court women and women's dresses and women's uniforms is also crepe paper, which can be distinguished from the style of crowning. Coronation is also a symbol of identity and wealth. The coronation of rich people, aristocratic women and twins can be great. Later, in the palace, a kind of wooden false squat called "lifting the head" was developed, which was added to the coronation on a major date. on. Later, women’s coronation grew larger and bigger, forming a luxury atmosphere. Later, more women were overthrown by the crowning of the neck. The Korean ancestor had ordered the reduction of each wig used in the palace, and discussed with the ministers. Replace the crown with a corolla, but there is no consensus. Later, he adopted the admiration of Confucianism, Song De, and the ban, and ordered the banned women to crown and change to wear a small corolla called the cluster head. . In the thirty-three years of the ancestors, the women and women of the sect were formally banned from coronation, and only the civilians and the women of the Dalits were allowed to crown. Later, married women changed the scorpion into a bun and inserted the bun without wearing a coronation. Twins are still popular to wear coronation. In the later period, the official wife, the royal woman wore a round shirt (a small dress) or was wearing a formal occasion.

Europe

Ancient European wigs were passed from ancient Egypt to Europe. Ancient Greece and the ancient Romans believed that bald people were punished by heaven and regarded bald people as sinners. Hair thinning or bald officers will be refused to arrange work for them by the chiefs of some Greek territories. The Romans even intended to let the parliament pass the "bald decree" to ban bald men from running for parliament, and bald slaves can only sell at half price. In order to avoid discrimination, balds wear wigs to cover this embarrassment. The wig was further popularized. During the Roman Empire, many Europeans used wigs, and even the emperor wore wigs. During the war, the hair of the enemy and the civilians often served as trophies to the court. Some nobles will also shave the hair of the slave to make a wig. The custom at the time was that married women had to cover their hair, and some poor married women sold their hair for money. Some poor farmers will also bundle their hair into hair, and cut it to the wig market when it is long enough.

In the millennium after the fall of the Roman Empire, Europe was influenced by the Roman Catholic Church and regarded the wig as a mask of the devil, arguing that wearing a wig would hinder the blessing of God into the soul. At that time, if a wig was wearing a wig, it might be expelled from the church. In 692, several church members in the church in Constantinople were deported because of wearing wigs. Therefore, Europeans rarely used wigs during this period. The Queen Elizabeth I wearing the red wig until the sixteenth century, the wig was once again popular, used as a cover to cover hair loss or beautify the appearance of jewelry. The harsh sanitation environment made it easy for people to grow their heads. Some people shaved their hair and put on wigs. Therefore, in ancient Europe, wigs have practical functions in addition to decorative. But the revival of the wig was mainly due to the love of the royal family. Queen Elizabeth I of England was known for wearing a red wig. The pioneer of the Roman wig in the seventeenth century was the French King Louis XIII. He wore a wig to cover the scar on his head. In order to please him, the nearest minister wore a wig. Louis XIV, the son who inherited his throne, also wears wigs because of thinning hair, so the subjects have followed suit. At that time, there were 45 kinds of wigs, and even those with thick hairs liked to catch up with this fashion. Later, the wig became a symbol of the era of the great monarchy.

After a period of exile in France, King Charles II passed the men's wig to the English-speaking country when he returned to China in 1660. This length and shoulders or slightly longer than the shoulder wigs became the fashion of European men since the 1620s and soon became popular in British courts. London diary writer Samuel Pepys wrote the first time he wore a wig after being shaved by a barber on a certain day in 1665. When the black death broke out, he felt very uncomfortable wearing a wig:
September 3, 1665: I put on my color silk suit after getting up, very good, and I bought a new wig that I bought for a while but didn't dare to wear it, because I bought it at the Westminster where the plague broke out. After I thought about the plague, people were afraid that wigs were made from hair taken from people who died from the epidemic. If they were infected, no one would dare to buy wigs. What would be the fashion of wigs? In addition, there are other drawbacks in wigs, such as that posted by Pepys on March 27, 1667: I am going to Swan] to find the wig geek Gevas, who I have known for a long time. He gave me a wig, but it was full. Cloth eggs, so it's hard for me to see it (this is his old fault), and I have to send it back to get him clean. During this period, wigs became almost the necessary clothing for men, and almost represented social status, and the wigs were respected. In 1665, the first wigsmiths union was established in France, and other European countries also established similar unions. The wigs of the seventeenth century were exceptionally fine, so making wigs was also a technique. The wig at that time covered the shoulders, back, and chin, so it was very heavy and uncomfortable to wear. Such wigs are expensive to manufacture, especially for the most expensive ones, and those made with horsehair or goat wool are cheaper.

The 18th century wigs often add powder to make them white or white. The wig powder is made of starch with the scent of neroli, lavender or iris. They are sometimes colored in purple, blue, pink, yellow, etc., but the most common is white. Powdered wigs until the end of the eighteenth century were necessary for some major occasions that needed to be worn. The powdered wig is easy to fall off and difficult to care for, so there are some fake courtroom costumes made of white or white horse hair. Since the 1780s, young men have been popular with powder on their own hair. After the 1790s, wigs and hair powder were used by older, more conservative men, and women were used when they appeared in court. The British government levied taxes on granules every year since 1795. This tax made the fashion of wigs and hair powder fade in the 1800s. Marie Antoinette wears a prominent high-brimmed wig. In the mid to late 18th century, women in Versailles, France, wore large, delicate, eye-catching wigs (like a "boat-shaped wig"). These wigs are very heavy and contain hair wax, hair powder, and other decorations. This gorgeous wig became a symbol of the decadence of the French aristocracy at the end of the eighteenth century, which prompted the French Revolution. The 19th century wigs became smaller and more solemn, France no longer represented wigs in social status, and the United Kingdom remained for some time. Some professions also use wigs as part of the clothing they wear and become a tradition of certain legal systems and a practice in many Commonwealth countries. Until 1823, the bishops of the Anglican Church and the Irish Anglican Church wore wigs during religious ceremonies. The wig worn by the barrister is a popular style at the end of the eighteenth century. The wig worn by the judge in conjunction with the court costume during the weekday trial is similar to the short wig worn by the barrister, but they will wear a full cover when they attend the major ceremony with the Queen’s Counsel. Wig. The development of women's wigs is different from that of men's wigs. It was only popularized in the 18th century. In the early days, it was mainly based on the wigs of the wigs, and it was not popular until the 19th and early 20th centuries. Wigs, mostly worn by old women. From the 18th century to the beginning of the 20th century, many poor people in Europe sold their hair to make wigs. According to the Encyclopedia Britannica of 1911, rural girls in the poor and backward Balkans often cut their hair and sold their hair, and rural girls in southern France cultivated and sold hair. Female writer Catherine Hale once cut her hair and sold money for tuition. At that time, some people who made wigs in Europe were from the United States. During the American Civil War, a woman named Delia wrote to the media, urging all female supporters of the Southern Confederation who were over 12 years old to sell long hair to Europe. Pay off the debt of the southern federation. In the novel "Little Women" by American writer Lucy Alcott, there is also a plot to write about the love of long hair.